Verbs

‘Ser’ vs ‘Estar’

To be (permanently) | Ser
To be (temporarily) | Estar
I am (perm) | (Yo) soy
You are (perm, sing, inform) | (Tú) eres
He is (perm) | (Él) es
She is (perm) | (Ella) es
You are (perm, form) | (Usted) es
We are (perm) | (Nosotros) somos
You are (perm, plural, inform) | (Vosotros) sois
They are (perm) | (Ellos) son
You are (perm, plural, formal) | (Ustedes) son
I am (temp) | (Yo) estoy
You are (temp, sing, informal) | (Tú) estás
He is (temp) | (Él) está
She is (temp) | (Ella) está
You are (temp, formal, sing) | (Usted) está
We are (temp) | (Nosotros) estamos
You are (temp, plural, informal) | (Vosotros) estáis
They are (temp) | (Ellos) están
You are (temp, formal, plural) | (Ustedes) están

Verbs with ‘-er’

To drink | Beber
To think | Creer
I drink | Bebo
I think | Creo
You drink (sing. informal) | Bebes
You think (sing. informal) | Crees
He drinks, she drinks, you drink (sing. formal) | Bebe
He thinks, she thinks, you think (sing. formal) | Cree
We drink | Bebemos
We think | Creemos
You drink (pl. informal) | Bebéis
You think (pl. informal) | Creéis
They drink, you drink (pl. formal) | Beben
They think, you think (pl. formal) | Creen

‘Necesitar’, ‘Encantar’

To need | Necesitar
To love | Encantar
I need | Necesito
I love | Me encanta
You need (sing. informal) | Necesitas
You love (sing. informal) | Te encanta
He needs, she needs, you need (sing. formal) | Necesita
He loves, she loves, you love (sing. formal) | Le encanta
We need | Necesitamos
We love | Nos encanta
You need (plu. informal) | Necesitáis
You love (plu. informal) | Os encanta
They need, you need (plu. formal) | Necesitan
They love, you love (plu. formal) | Les encanta

Verbs With ‘-ar’ and ‘-ir’

To speak | Hablar
To work | Trabajar
To live | Vivir
I speak | Hablo
I work | Trabajo
I live | Vivo
You speak (sing. informal) | Hablas
You work (sing. informal) | Trabajas
You live (sing. informal) | Vives
He speaks, she speaks, you speak (sing. formal) | Habla
He works, she works, you work (sing. formal) | Trabaja
He lives, she lives, you live (sing. formal) | Vive
We speak | Hablamos
We work | Trabajamos
We live | Vivimos
You speak (plu. informal) | Habláis
You work (plu. informal) | Trabajáis
You live (plu. informal) | Vivís
They speak, you speak (plu. formal) | Hablan
They work, you work (plu. formal) | Trabajan
They live, you live (plu. formal) | Viven

Reflexive Verbs - ‘Gustar’

To like | Gustar
Would like | Gustaría
I like (one thing), (one thing) pleases me | Me gusta
I would like | Me gustaría
You like (one thing, sing. informal) | Te gusta
You would like (sing. informal) | Te gustaría
He likes (one thing), she likes, you like (sing. formal) | Le gusta
He would like, she would like, you would like (sing. formal) | Le gustaría
We like (one thing) | Nos gusta
We would like | Nos gustaría
You like (one thing, plu. informal) | Os gusta
You would like (plu. informal) | Os gustaría
They like (one thing), you like (one thing, plu. formal) | Les gusta
They would like, you would like (plu. formal) | Les gustaría

Reflexive Verbs

To be called | Llamarse
To stay | Quedarse
To fall | Caerse
To resemble, look like | Parecerse
To brush | Cepillarse
To get into | Meterse
To sit | Sentarse
To go to bed | Acostarse
To remember | Acordarse
To get rid of | Deshacerse de
To dare | Atreverse
To complain | Quejarse
To behave yourself | Portarse
To find out | Enterarse
To put, to set, to become | Ponerse
To become aware of, to discover | Darse cuenta
To make a mistake | Equivocarse
To scratch | Rascarse
To slip, slide | Resbalarse
To escape | Escaparse
To imagine | Imaginarse
To get down | Bajarse (de)
To get up, to climb | Subirse (a)
To hurry | Apurarse
To be glad | Alegrarse
To get even, to retaliate | Desquitarse (de)
To appear, look | Verse
To blush, to flush | Ruborizarse
To become | Volverse
To care of yourself | Cuidarse
To get lost | Perderse
To cut yourself | Cortarse
To wash yourself | Lavarse
To dry oneself | Secarse
To burn yourself | Quemarse
To hurt yourself | Lastimarse
To take (a look), To notice | Fijarse
To breathe | Alentarse
To save | Ahorrar(se)
To escape, to slip out | Escabullirse
To faint, to become downhearted, to become demoralized | Desmayarse
To kneel | Arrodillarse
To dive (in) | Zambullirse
To get fed up | Hartarse
To file (nails) | Limarse (uñas)
To spread, to propagate, to disseminate | Propagarse

Conditional Verbs - ‘Poder’, ‘Deber’

I could | Podría
You could (sing. informal) | Podrías
He/she could, you could (sing. formal) | Podría
We could | Podríamos
You could (plu. informal) | Podríais
They can, you can (plu. formal) | Podrían
I should | Debería
You should (sing. informal) | Deberías
He should, she should, you should (sing. formal) | Debería
We should | Deberíamos
You should (plu, informal) | Deberíais
They should, you should (plu, formal) | Deberían

Irregular Verbs - ‘Querer’ ‘Tener’ and ‘Poder’,

To want | Querer
I want | Quiero
You want (sing. informal) | Quieres
He wants, she wants, you want (sing. formal) | Quiere
We want | Queremos
You want (plu. informal) | Queréis
They want, you want (plu. formal) | Quieren
To have | Tener
I have | Tengo
You have (sing. informal) | Tienes
He have, she have, you have (sing. formal) | Tiene
We have | Tenemos
You have (plu. informal) | Tenéis
They have, you have (plu. formal) | Tienen
Can | Poder
I can | Puedo
You can (sing. informal) | Puedes
He can, she can, you can (sing. formal) | Puede
We can | Podemos
You can (plu. informal) | Podéis
They can, you can (plu. formal) | Pueden

Irregular Verbs - ‘Dar’, ‘Ir’, ‘Ver’

To give | Dar
I give | Doy
You give (sing. informal) | Das
He gives, she gives, you give (sing. formal) | Da
We give | Damos
You give (plu. informal) | Dais
They give, you give (plu. formal) | Dan
To go | Ir
I go | Voy
You go (sing. informal) | Vas
He goes, she goes, you go (sing. formal) | Va
We go | Vamos
You go (plu. informal) | Vais
They go, you go (plu. formal) | Van
To see, to watch | Ver
I see, I watch | Veo
You see, you watch (sing. informal) | Ves
He sees, he watches, she sees, she watches, you see, you watch (sing. formal) | Ve
We see, we watch | Vemos
You see, you watch (plu. informal) | Veis
They see, they watch, you see, you watch (plu. formal) | Ven

Irregular Verbs and First Person Present Nouns

To govern | Gobernar
The government | El gobierno
To freeze | Helar
The ice | El hielo
To tell | Contar
The story | El cuento
To fly | Volar
The flight | El vuelo
To console | Consolar
The consolation | El consuelo
To discount | Descontar
The discount | El descuento
To untie, to let loose | Soltar
Loose change | El suelto
To dream | Soñar
The dream | El sueño
To thunder | Tronar
The thunder | El trueno
To encounter | Encontrar
The encounter | El encuentro
To remember | Recordar
The remembrance | El recuerdo
To play | Jugar
The game | El juego
To squeeze | Apretar
The squeeze | El aprieto
To bet | Apostar
The bet | La apuesta
To show | Mostrar
The sample | La muestra
To taste, to prove | Probar
The proof | La prueba
To roll | Rodar
The wheel | La rueda
To count | Contar
The bill | La cuenta

Imperative (commands)

Speak Spanish with me! (imperativa) | ¡Hable Español conmigo!
Buy the book! | ¡Compre el libro!
This (without a noun) | Esto
I’m going to buy this | Voy a comprar esto
Don’t buy it! | ¡No lo compre!
Why don’t you sell it? | ¿Por qué no lo vende?
Don’t sell it! | ¡No lo venda!
Don’t sell it! (plural) | ¡No lo vendan!
Don’t sell it! (informal) | ¡No lo vendas!
Sell that book! | ¡Venda ese libro!
Buy that book! | ¡Compre ese libro!
Don’t buy it! | ¡No lo compre!
(for a positive command, pronouns are hooked on to the verb)
Buy it! | ¡Comprelo!
Buy it! (plural) | ¡Comprenlo!
Buy them! (talking to several people) | ¡Comprenlos!
Don’t buy them! (talking to several people) | ¡No los compren!
Why don’t you take it? | ¿Por qué no lo toma?
Don’t take it! | ¡No lo tome!
Take it! | ¡Tomelo!
Eat it! | ¡Comalo!
Call me later please! | ¡Llameme más tarde por favor!
Call me! | ¡Llameme!
(in the imperative, the only time you don’t switch tracks is when speaking to “you, friend”. You also miss out the last -s)
Call me! (friend) | ¡Llamame!
Call me! | ¡Llameme!
Wait! | ¡Espere!
Wait for me here! | ¡Espereme aquí!

Irregular Verbs with ‘go/ga’ endings

I come | Vengo
I am leaving | Salgo
To oppose | Oponer
To compose | Componer
I put | Pongo
I am putting it here | Lo pongo aquí
I do | Hago
I tell | Digo
I am doing it | Lo hago
I am telling you | Le digo
I am bringing | Traigo
(in the imperative, the -go verbs turn into -ga verbs)
Come with me! | ¡Venga conmigo!
Don’t leave! | ¡No salga!
Don’t leave! (plural) | ¡No salgan!
Don’t leave! (friend) | ¡No salgas!
Don’t put it here! | ¡No lo ponga aquí!
Put it here! | ¡Pongalo aquí!
Can you put it here, will you please put it here | Puede ponerlo aquí
Bring it! | ¡Traigalo!
Bring me something! | ¡Traigame algo!
Don’t put it here! | ¡No lo ponga aquí!
Put it there! | ¡Pongalo allí!
Don’t put it here, put it there! | ¡No lo ponga aquí, pongalo allí!

Verbs that change from ‘e’ to ‘ie’ during conjugation

To come | Venir
We are coming | Venimos
He is coming | Viene
They are coming | Vienen
You are coming (friend) | Vienes
I am coming | Vengo
I am starting | Comienzo
You are starting, he is starting, she is starting, it is starting | Comienza
At what time are you starting? | ¿A qué hora comienza?
At what time are you all starting? | ¿A qué hora comienzan?
At what time are you starting? (friend) | ¿A qué hora comienzas?
At what time do we start? | ¿A qué hora comenzamos?
I am starting | Empiezo
At what time are you starting? | ¿A qué hora empieza?
I think | Pienso
What do you think? | ¿Qué piensa?
What do you think of the situation? | ¿Qué piensa de la situación?
(pensar is also used in the sense of thinking forward, or planning)
I plan on leaving soon | Pienso salir pronto
When do you plan on leaving? | ¿Cuándo piensa salir?
I don’t understand it | No lo entiendo
I don’t understand you | No le entiendo
I don’t understand you (friend) | No te entiendo
Do you understand me? (friend) | ¿Me entiendes?
We don’t understand | No entendemos
(usually you can deduce that the whole verb contains the sound -e-, if the present tense verb contains -ie-)

Verbs that change from ‘o’ to ‘ue’ during conjugation

I can | Puedo
I find | Encuentro
I don’t find it | No lo encuentro
I remember | Recuerdo
I am coming back soon | Vuelvo pronto
At what time are you coming back? | ¿A qué hora vuelve?
Are you all coming back? | ¿Vuelven?
Are you coming back? (friend) | ¿Vuelves?
We are coming back soon | Volvemos pronto

Radical Changing Verbs

To compete | Competir
To take leave of | Despedirse
To impede | Impedir
To measure | Medir
To melt | Derretir
To fry | Freír
To laugh | Reírse
To grin | Sonreírse
To moan | Gemir
To consent, to spoil | Consentir
To repent | Arrepentirse
To digest | Digerir
To have a good time | Divertirse
To boil | Hervir
To pervert | Pervertir
To squeeze | Apretar
To break (q…) | Quebrar
To heat | Calentar
To irritate, to sprinkle | Regar
To regiment | Regimentar
To disconcert | Desconcertar
To mend | Remendar
To burst | Reventar
To lock in, to enclose | Encerrar
To sow, to seed | Sembrar
To bury | Enterrar
To tremble | Temblar
To tempt, to touch | Tentar
To freeze | Helar
To concern | Concernir
To light (a fire) | Encender
To hang out (clothes) | Tender
To stink | Heder
To bet | Apostar
To approve | Aprobar
To renew | Renovar
To strain (juice) | Colar
To roll | Rodar
To let loose | Soltar
To thunder | Tronar
To move (emotionally) | Conmover
To bite | Morder
To grind | Moler
To move | Mover
To blind | Cegar
To calm, to quiet | Sosegar
To hang | Colgar
To beg, to implore | Rogar
To overturn | Volcar